What is an example of cognitive distraction while driving?

Cognitive distraction while driving refers to any mental activity that draws attention away from the driving task. Thinking about a personal problem exemplifies this because it engages your mind in a way that can interfere with the ability to process driving-related information. When a driver is preoccupied with thoughts or concerns that are not related to the driving environment, their focus on the road, traffic signals, and other vehicles diminishes, potentially leading to unsafe driving conditions.

In contrast, the other options involve different types of distractions. Adjusting the rearview mirror is primarily a physical or manual distraction, as it requires the driver to take their hands off the wheel and possibly look away from the road. Texting a friend combines visual, manual, and cognitive distractions, as it involves looking at a screen, using hands to type, and thinking about the conversation. Eating a sandwich also represents a physical distraction because it requires the driver to use their hands and can divert attention away from the driving task. Cognitive distractions are unique in that they solely rely on the mental focus of the driver, making the example of thinking about a personal problem specifically relevant to the category of cognitive distraction.